Under Section 128 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, the liability of the surety is co-extensive with that of the principal debtor unless it is otherwise provided in the contract. This means that the bank can proceed against the guarantor directly without first exhausting remedies against the borrower. The guarantor is liable to the same extent as the borrower.
A lien is the right to retain goods until a debt is paid under Section 170 of the Indian Contract Act . A general lien under Section 171 allows bankers to retain any goods or securities of a customer for any general balance due, which gives banks stronger protection.
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